Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is an energy technology that makes use of the oceans temperature difference between the warm surface water and the cold deeper water to drive a turbine connected to a generator to produce electricity. Solar energy systems are classified into three system categories. Advantages of the damming renewable energy source the operation is co 2 free theoretically. Jan 22, 2017 vishwakarma institute of technology, pune, b tech mechanical engineering 14 conclusion ocean thermal energy conversion is a potential source of renewable energy that creates no emissions i. The process involved in ocean thermal energy, also known as ocean thermal energy conversion, has both benefits and disadvantages.
One of the primary advantages of thermal power is that the generation costs are extremely low. Utility or market services offered by csp with thermal energy storage. Darsonval first thought about the idea more than a century ago but it was only in early 1970 when research on this technology started to take shape. As a result, comfort cooling is standard in almost all of todays commercial buildings. With todays rising power demands, geothermal power plants are attractive options for their cheap, environmentallyfriendly energy production. Figure 2 below outlines the advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels as an energy source. Otec,ocean thermal energy conversion is an energy otech,ocean thermal energy technology that converts solar that converts conversion is an energy technology radiations to electricalto electric power. Dec 08, 2016 revision sheet containing the key information on the advantages and disadvantages of energy resources. What is otec ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a marine renewable energy technology that harnesses the solar energy absorbed by the oceans to generate electric power. Warm seawater is taken in from the surface of the oceans and cold water from the deep at 5 o. Unlike wind, solar and other ocean energy sources such as wave power, tides and ocean currents are almost 100 percent predictable.
Advantages and disadvantages of ocean thermal energy. The greater the temperature differential, the higher the efficiency of. Advantages and limitations of ocean thermal energy conversion. Marine energy has several types of energy, there are tidal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy, ocean thermal energy, and osmotic energy.
Outline of the 100 object oriented programming concepts tutorial pdf kw otec pilot plant in the republic of nauru troduction to ocean thermal energy conversion and otec power system techno. The ocean geothermal energy foundation is advancing geothermal technology to stop greenhouse gas and climate change worldwide. Ocean thermal energy corporation ocean thermal energy corporation ote is a company now commercializing ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Energy storage of all types allows us to extract the maximum benefit from other sources like renewable power, which often produces the most power during nighttime hours. Below, you will find a list of the key disadvantages. The advantages and disadvantages of wind energy is a topic that many who are considering renewable energy generation want to know about. Perhaps the most important of these is that it produces fresh water as a byproduct. Projected advantages and disadvantages of anaerobic digestion. Below is the definition the five types of marine energy, how it works, and the advantages as well as disadvantages of each energy. The world oceans harness enough thermal and mechanical energy to meet and exceed global energy demands, however a relatively small amount of renewable energy research has focused on utilizing ocean energy. Cooler deep water then cools the system and the cycle. Otec is one of the various green energy sources gaining a presence in some of our countries. Advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy worksheet.
We develop and coordinate energy systems that harness natural, hightemperature, highpressure geothermal resources used to generate electricity and clean hydrogen. One of the primary disadvantages of geothermal energy is that homeowners must have sufficient room to install the system, and there is an expensive upfront cost. This is the more desired method of capturing the energy in the tides. Energy and buildings, 12 1988 163 171 163 characteristics of district heating advantages and disadvantages janusz rosada district heating research centre, warsaw poland abstract heat substations, being points joining the district heating dh system and the con sumers installation, play a very substantial role in dh system operation and management. The huge amount of cattle dung can be utilized for biogas production, which in turn can be used for cooking and to generate electricity. Renewable energy sources including biomass, geothermal, ocean, solar, and wind energy, as well as hydropower have a huge potential to provide energy services for the world.
The ocean thermal energy conversion otec system relies on the stored thermal energy difference in the oceans. What is the use of biomass energy in india here is your free sample essay on thermal power 442 words essay on biogas as an alternate source of. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the temperature difference between. Advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels advantages disadvantages ready made fuels.
Geothermal provides a reliable source of energy as compared to other renewable resources such as wind and solar power. Ocean thermal energy conservation pdf ocean thermal energy conversion otec generates electricity indirectly from solar energy by harnessing the temperature difference between the sunwarmed. The suns heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, which creates the oceans naturally available temperature gradient, or thermal energy. The economic and reliability benefits of csp with thermal energy. Thermalpower plants are not environment friendly and plants emits toxic pollutants like ash, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide. If using tidal energy, it can only supply power for about 10 hours a day because of the pattern of the tides. Overall, ocean thermal energy conversion is a great possible way to produce clean renewable energy without any harmful emissions. Kinetic energy can also be harnessed from tidal currents to generate electricity and involves the use of a tidal current turbine.
The endless flows create reliability of the future energy availability. The various ways in which this can be done depends upon availability of the resources. General advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy 5. It has a low environmental impact, can supply pure water for both drinking and agriculture purposes. Otec can operate with a very high capacity factor and so can operate in base load mode the denser cold water masses, formed by ocean surface water interaction with cold atmosphere in. This temperature difference can be used to produce electricity and to desalinate. What are the advantages and disadvantages of thermal. Less initial cost as compared to other generating plants. The principle of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Wave energy conversion wec and ocean thermal energy conversion otec are two potentially significant sources of renewable energy that are available to help the asian development banks adb developing member countries dmcs reduce their dependence on. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses warm surface water to produce steam using either ammonia or a vacuum to generate electricity. There are several great advantages to ocean thermal energy. Ocean thermal energy otec ocean thermal energy also called as ocean thermal energy conversion otec refers to a method of using the temperature difference between the deep parts of the sea which are cold and the shallow parts of the sea which are cold to run a heat engine and produce useful work. Read this article to learn about the advantages and disadvantages of thermal power.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable energy. Suitable for the new aqa science gcse course combined or. They give a large amount of energy from a small amount of fuel. Solar energy or energy from the sun is contained in. The deviation comes from the forecast errors it is generally controlled by oil, gas and coal fired plants, but as a curiosity can we mention that in germany some nuclear plants participate in the wind generation balancing e. Jul 20, 2011 workssheet for pupils to summarise advantages and disadvantagesa of energy resources. Three types of otec systems can be used to generate electricity. Looking into the benefits or limitations of otec will help us to deduce whether this form of energy production is economical or not. But when considering the full range of energy storage options, its important to remember the numerous operational and cost benefits associated with thermal energy storage. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the ocean thermal gradient between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, form of energy conversion that makes use of the temperature differential between the warm surface waters of the oceans, heated by solar radiation, and the deeper cold waters to generate power in a conventional heat engine. Paul dhp system can be generated from a number of fuel. Closed cycle ocean thermal energy conversion systems use a working fluid with a low boiling point, ammonia for example, and use it to power a turbine to generate electricity.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy. Otec is a proven technology that produces clean baseload 247 electricity using the temperature differential between warm surface water and cold deep water in the worlds tropical oceans. Vishwakarma institute of technology, pune, b tech mechanical engineering 14 conclusion ocean thermal energy conversion is a potential source of renewable energy that creates no emissions i. Ocean thermal energy conversion the large ocean surface acts as a reservoir of solar energy.
Each day the sun provides the equivalent of 250 billion barrels of in the form of thermal energy to our oceans. One of the biggest advantages of solar energy is the ability to avoid the politics and price volatility that is increasingly characterizing fossil fuel markets. In an opencycle system, when the surface water is vaporised, it precipitates out all of its salt, so once the vapour is condensed again it is drinkable. The raw materials used to produce thermal power are fund or exhaustible resource. Ocean thermal energy is that the energy obtained from the ocean thanks to the distinction in temperature of the water at completely different depths of the ocean sea. Ocean energy would help but there are also some drawbacks to using this type of renewable energy. Disadvantages of thermal energy study science online. Ocean thermal energy oteis the temperature differences thermal gradients between ocean surface waters and that of ocean depths. What are the advantages and disadvantages of thermal power. How will ocean thermal energy conversion help the environment.
Unfortunately, there are also several potential disadvantages of renewable energy sources. There are four thermal energy fuels, coal, natural gas, wood waste and geothermal. Solar thermal electricity ste, also known as concentrating solar power csp, is a renewable energy tech nology that uses mirrors to concentrate the suns energy and convert it into hightemperature heat. As more steam is formed, it gets compressed at high pressure and comes out in the form of hot springs which produces geothermal power. Otec can operate with a very high capacity factor and so can operate in base load mode.
It is a normal daily event to lose any thermal power plant unit up to mw. Advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy the source of renewable heat. Marine energy systems advantages and disadvantages. Even considering transport, geothermal energy is estimated to save 80 percent of the costs associated. Solar thermal, passive solar and solar photovoltaic systems see renewable energy sources. In order to conduct a balanced evaluation of these types of energy sources, these disadvantages need to be taken into account alongside the advantages. Introduction to disadvantages of thermal energy thermal generation refers to the process of the generating electricity from heat energy. Suitable for the new aqa science gcse course combined or physics, teaching from september 2016. There are many benefits to otec, but there is also some cons. On the other side the stormy weather can be well forecast, so this event doesnt reach.
The wind energy can be planned in the dayahead energy portfolio. The sun warms the surface water and wave motion mixes it to the downward from the deep cold water, formed at high latitudes, by a thermocline. Advantages and disadvantages of solar thermal energy. In the early days of airconditioning, electricity was plentiful and cheap, which enabled the building industry to provide almost all commercial buildings with comfort cooling. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a source of renewable energy wherein the temperature differential between deeper, colder water and warmer, shallow water is used to run a heat energy engine and produce electricity. In tropical regions, surface water can be much warmer than deep water. Strictly speaking nuclear power is also thermal energy fuel but it is set aside in a class of its own because of its unique. There are a number of naturally occurring greenhouse gases. There are many advantages to using solar thermal energy. It can be installed at any place irrespective of the existence of coal.
The low energy conversion efrciency of otec means that more than 90% of the thermal energy extracted from the oceans surface is wasted and must be rejected to the cold, deep sea water. The warm seawater vaporizes the fluid in the heat exchanger which then turns the turbines of the generator. They have several significant advantages over other renewable energy sources. The pros are otec is fuel free, has a low environmental impact, can supply pure water for both drinking and agriculture, can supply refrigeration and. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec and the pacific islands page 5 executive summary the idea of using thermal energy from the ocean is not new. Advantages and disadvantages of thermal power sciencing.
Characteristics of district heating advantages and. Facts about solar thermal energy systems go green academy. Outline of the 100 kw otec pilot plant in the republic of nauru pdf. Understanding the pros and cons of this alternative renewable energy source can help determine whether it is an option to meet future needs and demands in an environmentally friendly and safe way. Energy from the sun heats the surface water of the ocean. No fuel is needed to generate the power, and the minimal energy needed to pump water to the earths surface can be taken from the total energy yield. There are four thermal energy fuels, coal, natural gas, wood waste and geo thermal. Once the turbines have been installed, no direct greenhouse gas ghg gas with physical properties that cause the earths atmosphere to warm up. The greater the temperature differential, the higher the efficiency of the heat engine.
Ocean thermal energy conversion technology britannica. We will see how various sources of energy can be harnessed to run the turbine and generate electricity in the following sections. What are the advantages and disadvantages of thermal energy. Disadvantages one of the primary disadvantages of geothermal energy is that homeowners must have sufficient room to install the system, and there is an expensive upfront cost. Apr 21, 2017 marine energy has several types of energy, there are tidal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy, ocean thermal energy, and osmotic energy. Revision sheet containing the key information on the advantages and disadvantages of energy resources. Workssheet for pupils to summarise advantages and disadvantagesa of energy resources. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ocean thermal. The sun is an unlimited commodity that can be sourced from many locations, meaning solar is less vulnerable to the price manipulations and politics that have more than doubled the price. Thermal energy can be used almost directly like in power generation steam.
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